1	Atmospheric Science and GIS Interoperability issues: some Data Model and Computational Interface aspects
2	Outline Service-Oriented Approach for interoperability Atmospheric Science (AS) & GIS Interoperability Scenarios Achievements AS & GIS Interoperability services The THREDDS WCS interface implementation Data Model Interoperability An Analysis of AS and GIS data models reconciliation The GIS extension for NcML (Proposal) Future challenges Conclusions
3	Interoperability approach Service Oriented Approach (SOA): Heterogeneous Applications interoperate by means of services in a Distributed Computing Platform (DCP) According to the paradigm of User / Service Provider Applications are made up of Components
4	Interoperability approach Interoperable Components must share some knowledge: Service Interfaces Computational Interface Defines the syntax of service behaviour Communication Interface Encapsulates transport specific details of service Service Data Models Content model Specification of service information content Encoding model Specification of service information encoding rules
5	Interoperability approach
6	Interoperability approach To combine pieces like in a puzzle game
7	Interoperability Scenarios Main scenarios: Intra-community Bridge Interoperability Middleware provides a given Information Community (e.g. Atmospheric Science Community) with Facilitating services Mediating services Inter-communities Gateway Interoperability Middleware provides Society with Data/services access to a given Information Community (e.g. AS community) Data model reconciliation services
8	Interop. Bridge Scenario for AS Community To facilitate heterogeneous Atmospheric Science (AS) applications to interoperate in order to achieve complex tasks
9	Interop. Gateway Scenario between AS & GIS Communities To facilitate interoperability among Society’s Information Communities. Interoperability between Atmospheric Science Community (AS Community) GIS Community (Geo-Information Community)
10	Interoperability Bridge
11	Interoperability Gateway
12	Contributions provided (Achievements) Implementation of a whole gateway service between AS & GIS Community Realms Implementation of a WCS interface for the THREDDS middleware Interoperability Data Model for developing gateways between AS & GIS Community Realms GIS and AS data model reconciliation analysis Specification of a GIS extension for the NcML
13	WCS Interface for THREDDS Co-authors John Caron Ben Domenico Yuan Ho Jeff Webb
14	Inter-Communities Interoperability Interoperability Components Open specifications
15	WCS Services WCS use case To access OGC WCS Capabilities document Available geographic Coverage metadata To select an available Geographic Coverage, filtered by Space Time Available Parameter To get the filtered geographic Coverage GeoTIFF format NetCDF format
16	WCS Implementation Distributed Computing Platform World Wide Web environment WCS communications Interfaces HTTP/GET HTTP/POST SOAP/RPC with attachment
17	WCS Computational Interface WCS Computational Interface OpenGIS Web Coverage Service specification ver. 0.7 content-type MIME:text/XML content-type MIME:image/tiff content-type MIME:application/octet-stream WCS Data Model OpenGIS OWS model ver. 1.0 OpenGIS WCS data model ver. 0.7 Grid Coverage Rectified Grid Coverage RemoteSensing.Org GeoTIFF ver.1.0
18	Data Model interoperability Architecture
19	Data Model interoperability Architecture
20	THREDDS WCS Implementation
21	THREDDS WCS Implementation
22	THREDDS WCS Implementation Present implementation
23	THREDDS WCS Implementation A more Service-oriented implementation
24	THREDDS WCS Implementation Extended Interoperability Framework
25	THREDDS WCS Demo Server THREDDS Catalogue Monthly Mean Ocean Latent Heat Flux dataset COARDS/CF convention NetCDF dataset Client Java graphical tool to test WCS client HTTP-GET/POST and SOAP/RPC
26	Interoperability side effect Geo Information Browser which shows the content according to ISO 19115 SINOTS3G system developed by the Univ. of Florence and IMAA - CNR Add the THREDDS WCS server to the list of Geo Information Browser servers It is possible to get an ISO 19115 compliant version of the Monthly Mean Ocean Latent Heat Flux COARDS/CF convention NetCDF dataset
27	Interoperability Data Model Analysis Co-authors Ben Domenico John Caron
28	Interoperability Data Model Interoperability Data Model reconciles: AS data model GIS data model
29	Intra-Community Interoperability Data Models
30	AS & GIS Model Reconciliation Information Community Realms overlap e.g. Geographic aspects of the AS Realm (or Geo-Facets)
31	Common Aspects Most important ones Abstract Model Coverage Function concept Content & Encoding Models Geographic Reference Systems Temporal Reference Systems Grid implicit geometries
32	Different Aspects: Abstract Models AS General Measurement data model
33	Different aspects: Abstract Models GIS General Feature/Coverage data model
34	Different aspects: Content Model
35	Different aspects: Encoding Model Atmospheric Science Encoding of Measurement datasets Metadata related to Measurements Process metadata Sensor metadata Very large hyperspace matrixes of counts GIS Encoding of Geo-relational Features Attributes characterising Geo-Feature Feature Geometry Features Topology
36	Concerns using GIS data model for AS datasets Abstract Model Feature-oriented ontology is not the natural model for conceptualising composite information Coverage is mainly modeled as a unique Feature Content Model Complex Coverage (e.g. hyperspace grids) are not extensively considered Geographic and Coverage Metadata doesn’t cover all AS aspects (e.g. for climatology context or real-time data) Encoding Model GML types and structures are not sufficient to support all AS-application needs Encoding of large binary datasets in a neutral and standard self-descriptive language is still a problem
37	GIS Extension for NcML Co-authors The NcML Specification Group Current Status: Proposal
38	NcML-G
39	NcML-G: Extension Abstract Model
40	NcML-G: Content Model
41	NcML-G: Encoding Models NcML-G_IN facilitate Atmospheric Science systems to deal with GIS metadata self-contained implementation of GIS concepts simplified implementation of GIS concepts (ISO 191xx); NcML-G_ML facilitate as much as possible GIS systems to “import” NcML datasets. encode Atmospheric Science geographic aspects, using GML 3.0;
42	Use Scenarios GIS System imports NetCDF datasets as GML documents
43	Use Scenarios GIS System imports NetCDF datasets as GeoTIFF file
44	Use Scenarios GIS System imports NetCDF datasets as WCS documents + attachments: GeoTIFF attachment NetCDF attachment
45	Future Challenges A Common Service-Oriented Framework for AS and GIS interoperability based on new powerful and open DCP
46	Common Service-Oriented Framework Develop, Deploy, Combine interoperability components Loosely-coupled services
47	Common Service-Oriented Framework
48	"Interoperability is mainly based on" Interoperability is mainly based on Data model reconciliation Common Interfaces For Inter-community interoperability Data model reconciliation plays a key role Achievements presented WCS implementation for THREDDS An inter-community interoperability gateway AS & GIS Data model reconciliation study Abstract and Content model reconciliation approach NcML GIS extension (NcML-G_ML and NcML-G_INproposal) Content and Encoding model reconciliation Future challenges Common Service-Oriented Framework for AS and GIS interoperability, based on new DCP